Hypothyroidism, often referred to as an underactive thyroid, occurs when the thyroid gland doesn’t produce enough thyroid hormones. Common symptoms include fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, and depression.

Solutions:

• Thyroid hormone replacement therapy to restore normal hormone levels.
• Regular monitoring to adjust medication as needed.

Hyperthyroidism, or an overactive thyroid, is the opposite of hypothyroidism. It leads to an excess of thyroid hormones, causing symptoms such as rapid heartbeat, weight loss, anxiety, and heat intolerance.

Solutions:

• Antithyroid medications to lower hormone production.
• Radioactive iodine therapy to slow thyroid function.
• Surgery to remove part or all of the thyroid gland in severe cases.

Thyroid nodules are growths within the thyroid gland, and most are benign. However, they can sometimes cause symptoms, including difficulty swallowing, a visible lump in the neck, or voice changes.

Solutions:

• Fine-needle aspiration to determine if the nodule is cancerous.
• Treatment may involve surgery or radioactive iodine therapy for large or cancerous nodules

Thyroid cancer occurs when malignant cells form in the thyroid gland, often leading to a lump in the neck.

Solutions:

• Surgery to remove the cancerous tissue, and in some cases, the entire thyroid.
• Radioactive iodine therapy to eliminate any remaining cancer cells.